Ka Nupepa Elele, Volume XII, Number 6, 20 September 1890 — REPORT OF THE SPECIAL COMMITTEE ON EDUCATIONAL APPROPRITIONS TO THE LEGISLATURE OF 1890. [ARTICLE]

REPORT OF THE SPECIAL COMMITTEE ON EDUCATIONAL APPROPRITIONS TO THE LEGISLATURE OF 1890.

• Hon. J. S. Walkkk, Prm'uient <>f thc Hawniun Legixīature. SlB:~Tlie Special Committoe appokikul on the 12th of August, to investigate into the appropriations for the support of Native und English Schools, was specially request«d bv this Honoval>ic House: lBt—To el«cid&ie how the proposed expenditures of the Board of Edncat'io» for the period, 18P0-92. Avere to be made; , V , IU ieackers. ot to liidependent Scliools, and 01 tlie eonditions t-f thc lU foifiiatory School. ,niid we now beg to ' report'that we huve given the matter «11 due attontion. Wkpi īon' 1- .riv.KKi:Aī. S'] — Tlie iritent oi' the existittg- l;.ws gov-v:vning the Board of Education iri that. the expenditnresof the Government Schōols are to be p.aid ont of the Hehool Taxe,s—so far as these may go—and if snch taxes be insufficient , tho deficiency i$ to be m>ide up from sutns appropriated for thaf purpose by tln-ī,( gĪBlttture. Any exaia.n!"tion of-4he _aopounts of tlie Board will show that its finanentl operations are so intermixed, the iiiWe}*s expende<l froni the ditfe-ent «<u»ur(?os of revenue so interwoven, and the gystem #f atii'onnts-so asiiiqtiated *nd confused that it is not easy to oi>tain a clear iiisight into its financiiil status. In a like inannbr, the statenieiit of Beceipts und Expenditures in tlie Prosident's lleport, for 1890, is e)itire'ly unsatisfactory and incomplete, and so perplexing tliut ]t would require the assistance of an evpert ftecountant. well *e.rsed" in the sysiein of the Board, to rende.r thein intel!igible. Therefore. it |ias 'peen rather dlfri<sult for your Committee to obtain the data necessnry to aeeouni fn!r tlie future budget of the Boārd and to explain in detail celt;iin appiopriations a«;ked for in the Appropriatiori Bill. so As to justify ihem in the clear mnnner whieh this Hous3 tevidently expects out of tlie labors of this Committee; at tlie same time, it seems to have been <juite, ag diffi<m!t r tasl? for the Board to gather the reqriired mforination, fov !t eansed their clerical staff a large amonnt of. work Hvhich we regret but whieh would have beon avoided had a differerit &ystem of bopk-keepirig been emplōyed. But this work ha§' not been fruitless, for it has resulted ia t)ie production of several usefu! tables, herewith submitteil. df>taila iiever l>ēfore submitted to the Legislat!.re'or to tlie pribiic, and whieli we consider it w<nild be interēsting to pnbHsh, one espeeially (Schednle A) showing the amount and application of tlie School Tax and oth?r vevennos in 'eieh distriet.. It ig to be regretted that a similar detaiīod fable lias never l>een pvc*pared. embr:u'.ing the distribntion of Ine jnoneys appropriated by the Lrgisl;itur? for the Board arid whieh consiitute tlie halanee of tl?eir liiennial budget. From the information obtained by yonr Committee, aild Bpecially froiii the Tables (Schednle B) of «s(i))]atod expenditttres and incomes, the budget of the Board of Education for the current biennial period ean be snmmarily estimated as follows: Beceipts. Estimated lneome from School Tax. $156,000 00 EBtimated Jnterest,s and Bealizations 30.901 00 Appropriātion for Support of Seliools 180,267 00 Appropriation for Salaries of Ofllcers 20,900 00 Appropriatiou for Beform'ry School 12,000 00 Appropriation for lueidentals .... 5,200 00 Appropriation for Census. . 12,000 00 Appropriation for Building New Sehool Houses . 50,000 00 Balance Hand from Last Period. 38,937 00 V T0ta1............ .... #506,145 00 ExPENDITrRES. Estimated Salaries of Oflicers of tlie Board .. 30,900 00 Estimated Salaries of 232 School Teachers as per List Fmnished to Previous Resolutions of Rep. Kahookano, (Schedule C). ... $263,680 00 Salaries Proposed inelueling Salary of Noimal Tnstructor 11,760 00 -■ $275,445 00 Incidetttals of Board ... 5.200 00 Incideutals of Schools 30 946 00 ComT>ensation of School Agents, Tax Collectors and Registry $ 21,600 00 Ordinarv Hepairs to an Schools.. . 26,500 00 New Schools, Buildings, etc >50.000 00 Royai Keliool *nd Fort Stroet Soliool 21,154 (X) Berormatory School 12,0(»0 00 Usual Aid to Inde{>endent Schools . 10,000 00 Census, 1890 00 To Difference of Aeeonni Clo?īing December 31st 19.500 00 $506,145 00 Ont of this large amount, on|y f17,500 are espeeially applied to eommon Native SeLoofs.' During the last i>eriod, the totalexpenditureso? {In'lioani according to the Pi-e«sident ! s Beport. weio ?391,438.73, the iucrease for the present povtod thvis; being ?114,706.27. This inerease is represented prineipnll\ by the items of New Buildings, Inorease of Halanen, *Consus aiul Incidentals. But, as the hiennial slatements published by the Board, and tl.ose given to \our Coiumittee, fumish no data for eomparison, we liave not had the time to unt<'r into the neeessaiy investigation to aeeount for the īemaiii ing differenee, vīneh is undonbtedly made up legitimatelv in the various other items. A greaf confttsk>n arises from the faet tlial pujts of ihe aceounts„of the Board aie made np fr.un Maix ii to Mareh, whilstotber!* ave from «!auuavy to.Tanuary;appropviations for aalaries or lielp are *lso dra«n before* the eorre;*poud!Lig SchoolT««8»r%a!! eo!leeted,whie!t inthe B \u\loarry ingalwa\-8, uu noee^arily, a large aiiwur.t of ea>-b jjj tlto lmmls of the f3eeretary of the Boai\i or of 'he Tm\ ColU etors. wkieh never goes into theTreasnrv, an.l of whieh Ministor Damon said that "it is expended a's m;v\ to tlse I»oard <eem best;" th\is «nabling the Boanl "ti> carry on a portion of it> atfair« out>ide of ihe re--"Ur Anpro;niati«.i ; s ,\n l v»e «hall add that, A8 the Pinaneial l«>j>oits and Statement»i of the di®?veu( liieuuial pejio4s have sh,,v been p-

sented īii mueli about tlae same vague an<l īnooi/ipL-le a»anner as the one aboye alltided to foi- 1890. a good <it moneyliastliusbeeiispentfoi-yeai ; : ,pa?itl>v the Jioard. -\vitlj ont pi.opei" supevvisioii aiul veriflcatiou. -Tt. most fissuredlv vi v\improper. not dangerous. that the Boa-rd shoukl thns Ik\ a,llowed to hjtve.free.and iincoiiti'olled dispc»sLtioii of sui-h a large amount as its budget now isi, and consequentl\ perniitted to be "a Governuient in the Government. (Mnnster 3)anu)n's Report). o- Your Gommittee must theroiore rocoinrhend that the fenanees of the Board be subinitted to the sanie eoutLol ; frc>ni the •Knāhco'>...and- Auditor-Geireral ! s Departriients. as are all other Boards and Bureaiis of the G6vernments: arid tliis eoukl probably l>e dono, as it has been with the Tl<>ad axeSi in \vav, so as not to interfere with tlio prompt payment of all salaries and other e\ponditur(s. althongh the Board niay obj«?ct to be foreed ont of its oid and unbusiness-like routine. Sectton- 2—SAr.Ai;ir.s. 1 our Comnilttec efujiTired speiīiaīly iuto xhe ]ioints raisod before tl»is House abont the difterenees and iner]ualities of salaries: First, between teacliers of thc native and of the iEnglish schools; Be<ion<l, betwe6n."'teaelrerā of *differeiit English schools. " - [ it wste admitted bv tiie members of tlie Board that one ditt'erence of treatment l)etween teachers of native aml iEnglish schools was that the n»tive teachers. th'ivt.v-sp.ve« I iri all. are paid according to a usage transmitted from tho - earliest time of the esfcablishnient of schools in tliis Kingdoni, ojily for ten nionths of aeina! worlv, and even maiiv of tliemr-only s<> mneh per day, 'while, for the Eīiglish teaohers. a neW systein lras beeu adopted of -payment by the \'<:ar. s<: that those teachers get v hat oan be called their oii>aeati pay, ēxcept when they ai e cngagv,d durilig tho solu ternr, in whieh case they are only paid for ;the mOnths ,0] It seems but fair to yoiir Comnuttee that this dif'erenet should be made to diaappear; ainl that alī teaehers alike' be paid by the year, even ijt there l>e anioiigst the n;»tivd one? a few verv old teach§rs wlio, after a long life of fa.iti\fnl serviee in the employment of ihe |)oard, "- -<nfO evev siins 1845 —liave become nearly useless and are now kept in iheii position by pure charify, and as a kind of a pension. We further tlrat 110 teacher sliould be ipaid k-;:-than one dollar a day. The next point to be elucidated was the alleged di.tferencc of salary paid ,to teachers in tlie English *ehoo!s, 011. tiū ground that the highest pay was giyen to foveigners ainī tlit lowest- to Hawaiians. The Boar4 <|eny. that sueh is tlio t;ase but they do adjnii that niany toreign ieaehers, introdn<:et: by ihem, really receive a Balary ap]iarently in excess ol salaries pajd to j)ative teaehers, and tīio reason given f«M tliis is tlrat the teaehei\s engaged from a])road nHl ; st cosl more, as they have to pay their own passages from aiul back to California, as also tlieir passages to and frqm the!i post 011 the ditferent islands, and are subjeet to expense> whilst waiting in Honolulu, and wlien they settle in theii locality ; all of whieh operate iii part as a proportipnat€ reduction put'them 011 a nearer t'ooting wiili the natjve teachers who aVe .spared .*|ll sucli .e?cpouses, But fareigners, as teaQis<ii"Sj niust.be' emplooeU; not onl\ because the number of riii\yiriians, competenf for teaehiiJ Engiish i» yei lijnited, but also because many parents insi.-!i on liaving foreigners, and objeot «o natives for ieaeliiii' Engh.sh. Moreover, the Board assert that they intend to fix tht salary of all teachers aceording to their gradation of nieiil and fciUcici#?]icy, and tliat, in a near future. all furthei introduetion of teachers il'oia a)iroad shall be entireh stopped, prefer-ence being always given to native Hawaiiai; or Hawaiian-born teachers, w'hen cōmpetent ones ean be foiind. iīie īast poiiii !'ojineeti*d with the question of salaries was the suspicion oi' a certain partiality w iavoritism oa the part of the Board, through Avhlch certain teaehers either nat,ives or foreigners, were handsomely paid, wliilsi others, 111 equal were reduced to starvation wag6s; au<l another assertion had been made that eertaii] teaehers were maintained by the Board in spite of theii never having passed any examination. Certain members ol J'Oiir'Comiiiittee M-ere disposedto entertain sucli aeeusationf āll the more, as a study and comparison of tlie general lisi ;o! salaries as presented to this Hoiise by the Board. ir in answer to a resolution of Hon. Kahookano, (Schedule C) : seeni to give foundation to such ideās. ' But youi' Coji)mittee liave.notlearnedof an\- ease in point, ; aild tlie BoiU'd of Education assert that it has always beoi] their aim to regulate the salaries aeeording to (no{ necessarily. according to marks of exirmination), and also in prbj>ortion of tlie real amount■ of work, the simple numhei |gholars alone not always being a true criterium of the rigut to a higl;ey salaiy. T7atil the contrary ean Wpr£vei), and iu the absence G i direct'Complaints, we must eoiisequeally take it for granted that tlie Board have tried to act fairly and intend to uo the ,sawē in the future. Furthermore,*the Board assert that they have reoentlv made different increases in salaries, ahd that they do now make allowanee for some furtlier ones, t!ie moat at least, in tlieir proposed biulget tor 1890 92. Bnt your OommiUee ai'O of ppinion tliat sin view of still fnrther helping to give the most worthy members oi' that faitliful bod3' of useful puhlie servants, tfie sehool teacliers. a and needed iiiiprovemcnt of pay, tlie sum of ?10,D00 in excess of the amount of ?180,0u0Vasked l>v the Board. ought to I>e appropriattxl liy the I!onso. Your Conimittoe also ī-eeoinmeml thut tho l>oard should niake it a speciai poini foypr, assist and {>romoto sueh teaehers as are born and educated in these islands. BīOTīOX 3. —XXI>EI»EXDEST SeHOOI.s. Thfe īndependent Bchools assistcd bv the nunen{, have been pfincipally, in the last. period. the followiny OiiM'. „ ; ■ o īolani College and St. Louis CoUego. iu tho shupc of schol&rships; Kawaiahao and E;ist Mani yon2inaries, Hih, Boarv\ing School and Bev. Davm Christ Behool in kona, H&W&ii, in shapo of Capitatioivs, aecordn\g law, ln pretious periods, these differeirt sclioo!s and als<l S(. Andrew's Priorv further rocoived spocial holp in sh;«>o of grants for buiklings or ropaiis. When askod what thoy intonded t<> do for th-,-so sviUH>ls in the prosent poriod, ilie Board vep! i. u UuU i!ie\ <ii;d n<ū iutcnd to ijivo anv more than what >Vasgi\ vn iu'tho last: but this is haidl x v laīr orsuftloio-ut. īt would eeiianih bo absoltttoly impiopei' f<>r tho t<u\ ernmont to assist v seetarian scliooU 'on aeoouni of'thoir sootarian. and Your Committoo woukl ha\e <dqoot< d uuanimous!v to suoh an o\pondiUu'e of (110 PuNlio fi ; ;-.ls, But it sooms that, in tho past. tho 1 iulopo!;uunt -oUĪs havo roooivod holji. uot K«ftujso of th< u i-< but on aoeouui of tho spooial gov\l t?u v d •>. <>i tlio servioos thoy roally rondor to tho populaliou' of tlv by r< ~vhiug*tlu ohikhvu of oortair ; fa'wli,wouiv{ othor\\ Ise bo probab!\ ,loath to use l!:o (,iovonuont bohoou. And tho faot thai tho-o Indt p< ".ida:u Vhook. ,io roooivo tho patrouago of sueh a lai-o po; vl ,0' pi.p.N is a proof that they positivoly liii ;< g:<n u:;d ro<-"ond ;o waut of tho paronts. ' ' ' fhorefore il appoars t!iat tho h< lp »-i t!t> v u- »; -vh.H Is is piopoi'. pvo\iv!o<l (hat tl■ .s h, -k■- \ 'i " ju>t wa\ . ainl distribuīo.t f.»i»l\ a;m«ng*t , "'.«k j muuod .1 ndos>eudont Sol:ools. isu* th>- oni\ 0;-■ ■ v/f mh Ii fairnoss, is. that t!us distj "kuion j . , „i<. ~v io.,i._ pn>jHutit>uatoly willi tlu» ro.o.uboj *>f schol.ro- <\l;u j» o.u n suoh sohool Xov .a. .v*).liu4j t.' th> C::.o\od sohe

iLile ( D): -n table ftiniisVi;ed by the £oatd of snmi, amotiiiting to 582.183, eKpended fov Independent Schōols from IR7B to 1890- 1«; -vvOuld aeem that, in the past yeavs,- tliis. diKiril)uHon lias not been'jnade fairly, or impartially , l>iit '.v:\s ratlier characterized by sectarian partizansliip and p:ivtiality; . . The dillerent 'anioiiiii» paid to the several scliools mentioued iīi tlie statement (I)), when reduced proportionately to the miml»cr of pupils, slio>v that ivhilst Rev. Davis Scliool (Hawaii') receivedpercapita f34j lolahiCollege •61, K;uvtiiah-ab Semīnary .55, East Maui Seminary 55, Hilo 3>i>ardiii|* Schools 24_, —St. Louis received only $9 per i-aj)ita. In other words, if a fair proportion liad been lioptj instead of onlv ?10,500 āwarded to it, St. Louis (wilh it 1,638 pupils) ouglit to have received about $83,000, to be on cven tevms witli the $9,200 given to lolani College (li>l pupils) and ,übout $90,000 to be in proportion with the Kawaiahao Seminary'witli it 436 pupils/ Furthermore, when we remember that tlie greatest bult of the fund received by St. Louis was given uiider Mr. GibsoTi's admnristration. and when we consider that no support was evev £rrantfed. to the bvanches of Hilo, Wailuku and different other schools on the Islands who altogether . enYbraee ni-arlv one-fifth of tlie total number of children of school age. it will be undeniable that St. Louis has not reeeived a lair Vreatment compared with the other Independent •si!hools-. and tlus merelv on account' of a sectarian point of •vie>v, for the lngh sSt&ndavd of its stūdies and the escellelicy both moral\md teclinical of its pupils are readily ;xot]iowledged. : " Cuinijntl.ee. Jias receiyed a communication from FaUier Sylvester, Pi-ineipal of S£, Louis College (schedule E.i staung thajt this institutiop is iiot sectariaii, tliat it is open ty eliiklien of every greed or denomination and that no ertl>it to proselyte among tlie cliildren has been atte ; jnpted, abont Lof the,total numkei' of pupihi are not.catholies, that no religious instriiction is given in the o'idinary school-liours, but is given twice a week for 30 iiiiimtes in a separate room and only to the catholic ehil' dren, and tīlat the.iiistitntion is at all times open to Gto\eiimient inspection. _Moreovev St. Loiiia and its branches aie upen to any ehildreri /vv<? of tuitioa fees, whenever applieaiioii is made for shc.ji freedom. Therefore Tour Committee deem tliat this institutlon and its branches, wln) need at present a special help, are jiistly entitled some consideration from this House, as it has*beyi 4 prayeil 1 for by several petitions, and, outaide of its cuatomary | scholarships. we recommend an exceptional appropriation of j ¥20.000 ili aid to its running expenses, repairs and injprQYŌnients. ; • 4 For ail the otlier ludependent. Sohools, who may need t and specially for the Pemale Boarding Schools, Tour ; Commiit.ee luink that a special appropriation of $10 000 I ioiymprovements and repairs—(out of whieh $2,500 for'the Ivoh«ua Female Semiuary)—would be fair, the more so asno su bsuly of this nature has been awarded to Independent Schools for several year past. , Sf.ction 4.—Reformatqrv BCfIOOL. The Eeport of the President of the Board of Education states that "the most unsatisfactory institiition under the J>oard is-the Keformatory Scliool/' and Tour Committe6 eau onlv eni]>hacize tlie statement. Flourisliing it was under tne oxceptionalivgood managementof Mr. Waltor Hill, until 1 1886. wlieu all the available youngsters were drawh' from | the scliool and sent to Samoa on the "training" ship Kaj Since tlien, it is clearly collapsinggradually, through [ " ie nun}berof commitmentsraadebymagisu-ates, ; arac * as Presideiif said, in presonce of an insignificant number of pupils, it is hard to obtain a satisfactory school and difficult to obtaiu a good competent teacher, although tlie salary is ?1,200, with residence and other perqui.sites The comnntments according to law are sometimes for various limitod periods, but generally for tlie time of minonty subject to the power of the Board to dismiss the boys for good conduct. According to an annexed statement of the Pnueipal, Mr. Needham (schedule T) the actnal number of inniates is only 14, 6 others havincr escaped and being still at large, 1 in prison, 2 out of prison l>ut not return(»d, and 2 out in private service. This limited number does not warrant either improvements or the employment of a suitable teacher for technical ti-amins nor does it hardly warrant, any appropriation at all. The Presulent oi the Board acknowledges that it is diftcult to say wliat to do frith this school, as its Bnppression would recjuire a law. The usnal appropriation is still asked for m visnv of enablnig the Board to meet all emergencies and also order tlie necessary work for dividing the childreu mto separate classes according to behavior. Your Committee transmitted to the Piesident of the Board tho geation made 111 this House,; that the pupils qf the Befo* mator\- be taken m charge by the Kamehameha Technieal Holiool, the Govornmeiit paying the necessarv subsidv tor snch an arrangenient, in whieh the childi-en might be kept entirely separate from the Kamehameha pupik • but the proposition appears absolutely unaeceptable bv the Kamehamelia School. * • ' ■ > SECTtOS 5- —CONCLUSION. I"our Committee make the following reeommendations: ]>t~—That thē pav ,of the Native teachecs of Common Schools be increased, by the amount of vacation monev so that their heatment be the same a> that of teache K of Lng!ish schools, and that m no cas- the salarv of anv teaciier be less than One Dollar a dav; Tliat tlie. salaries of all teachers generallv l.e oarefallvrevisedanda justaugmenfcatwiihogivēu to all who a report ot sueh W piviNonted to tho no\t Legislature. 3ndThat the Bo;ml avoid as mueh i u thv fntnre, tlie introdnetiou af uew toaohei-s and that the jyiESr- birth to pro " wM * ath That pvopev Ugisktion l>e enacted for amenOlne the laws that rogwlate the Boaixl of so as »vioode and ivorg,im/e that Binvau, aud l>ring it more unoer the eonti ol of the (»overnment: u ■!; 1h \t ihe fiii;uuvs uf the Board be (i,msfeivd to the ;n. l> ?l Mu«t!{iont, aiul tliat the of «mī Kawau 00 ma.le. like all ot,ier Buroan of the Oo\A nauent. f or t IJ v V*° inn'KKU. and iu»t froni the Ut of JUu7ti, ; TiHiUttHp r H n matbnofn9o^To 01 ui and Oommon Solu>oK to enable the bo;na not oul\ } m\ the Teaehej*. bnt also to meei tlie niwvaM>s pisth heiv» t above iveouuueuded. 1 h , ;tt tlu \ nMU l Sc!kk>ls bo oon h.j d under eeHam eonditiv>ns; lst- That these sehooh «•e sindev ()o\ei iime.it i%eetion or $upervisioir and~~ Y Tliat the dWinitionof Ux f ,0 I '" ;hu iAr * }H>ssible \uider the pmieipk of eao- < !.is' io vi\ m 0 f the numbev of pnpiU j i. Vl<! N voia! to meet ' s K;, —<>. ;>i'p-.vi-nau»d. one of iW St \ l' Hdo Kohaia. au d ' I * uo "V: r $10.000 tor uupiv»\vments w lomuuo Wamiu*» Schoots 4 meludi»\tf to Koliaia i emale *pkmuuai\ . * 4

the item of $4 500 nlveaf.lv \ oU;<l for an aaaiatatf£9q}iool Inspector 1-.Cs"Stri«-fc<Mi out. 'i* tliat salarv is bthenßoards already inelndM m tli<- *iua demanded !or' ihe sup{iort of Governmonl scli(K)]s. llHh—That the itera of 5."50 000 be voted, as on the Appropriation Bill, for expense of l»nilding new sclioola, asper schedule G. Respectful 1 v snl »mitted, A. MAEQUEB. L'haimian, J. H. WATPt'TLAM, , A. P. PAEKAOLE, . O. K. APIMĪ, * P. KAMAI. VALDEMAK KNUDSAN, JNO. E. BUBH, PAUL P. KANOA. WM, H. COBNTVELL Honolulu, August 'ioili, 1890. -r • « _"We agree with tlic majority ieport of your Committee wish the eXiC«ption of the recmnmendation that $20 000 be lor the St. Louis College, and $10,000 for Boiii\liHg S.ctu>ōls, \vtiicli we caxinot recomm6nd. G. N. TVILCOX, J. MAESDEN, • — : ■ JAMEH ANI)EKSON.