Ka Wai Ola - Office of Hawaiian Affairs, Volume 15, Number 5, 1 May 1998 — A HAWAIIAN HISTORICAL TIME LINE [ARTICLE]

A HAWAIIAN HISTORICAL TIME LINE

Po (darkness) Ao (ligtit) lst century 500 - 750 1000-1150 1758 1778 1795 1804 1819 1820 1835 1840 1843 1848 1876 1887 1891 1893 1896 1897 1898 1899 1900 1917

I Creation of the world, plant and animal life in the oeean and on land (Kumulipo genealogy). Life forms evolve, man and woman created. gods emerge (Kumulipo genealogy). Hāloa, ancestor of the Hawaiian race, is born. Earliest carbon-dated recording of civilization in Hawai'i. Migrations ffom Nukuhiwa (Marquesas). Migrations from Tahiti. Arrival of Pā'ao who introduced the Kū priesthood/worship and luakini heiau. Paiea Kamehameha son of Keoua and Keku'i'ap>oiwa, born at Kokoiki. Kohala. First recorded haole (foreign) arrival in Hawai'i: British Capt. James Cook. Introduction of foreign diseases triggers massive native depopulaton. Kamehameha conquers O'ahu at Leleaka'anae, Nu'uanu. Centralized Hawaiian: govertiment established. Ma'i 'ōku'u (cholera) epidemic. Thousands of Hawaiians die, populaaon continues to plummet. Death of Kamehameha. 'Aikapu abolished, 'Ainoa established. American Calvinist missionaries arrive from New England. First sugar plantation established at Kōloa, Kaua'i. Kamehameha 111 proclaims constitution. Constitutional Monarchy established. "Paulet Affair." Hawai'i's sovereignty taken by British subject, Lord George Paulet. After five months, Hawai'i's sovereignty is restored by a proclamaūon by British Admiral Thomas. Kamehameha III proclaims, "Ua mau ke ea o ka 'āina i ka pono." (The sovereignty of the land continues in righteousness). Māhele divides lands among maka'āinana (citizenry). the government and the king. Foreign system of private land ownership promoted by foreigners. Reciprocity treaty allows Hawaiian sugar and rice into the United States duty-free. In exchange, U.S. establishes a naval yard at Pu'uloa. King Kalākaua forced to sign "Bayonet Constitution" severely limiting Ihe power of the monarch. King Kulākaua dies in San Francisco. Lili'uokalani becomes queen. Queen Lili'uokalani plans to promulgate a new constitution restoring the power to the throne. The "Annexation Club" comprised of non-native citizens and foreigners comes forward as the "Committee of Safety." American military troops land at Honolulu. Lili' uokalani abdicates the throne to avoid bloodshed. "Comminee of Safety" immediately establishes a provisional government. "Wilcox Rebellion." Royalists attempt to restore monarchy. Queen Lili'uokalani is arrested by the foreign provisional govemment for treason. She is imprisoned in 'lolani Palaee. U.S. President Grover Cleveland admonishes provisional government for its unjust acts. Republic of Hawai'i bans Hawaiian language from all public and private schools. Native Hawaiians petition the U.S. president, Congress and people opposed to the proposed annexation of Hawai'i to the United States. Hawai'i annexed to the United States under a bill signed by U.S. President William McKinley. Heir to the throne, Princess Victoria Ka'iulani, dies. "Organic Act" defines Hawai'i as a Territory of the United States. Queen Lili'uokalani dies at Washington Plaee.